17. Prescribed Punishments

وَعَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسلم: «من وَجَدْتُمُوهُ يَعْمَلُ عَمَلَ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ فَاقْتُلُوا الْفَاعِلَ وَالْمَفْعُول بِهِ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ وَابْن مَاجَه

‘Ikrima reported on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas that God’s Messenger said, “If you find anyone doing as Lot’s people did, kill the one who does it and the one to whom it is done.” Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ أَتَى بَهِيمَةً فَاقْتُلُوهُ وَاقْتُلُوهَا مَعَهُ» . قِيلَ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: مَا شَأْنُ الْبَهِيمَةِ؟ قَالَ: مَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْئا وَلَكِن أره كَرِهَ أَنْ يُؤْكَلَ لَحْمُهَا أَوْ يُنْتَفَعَ بِهَا وَقَدْ فُعِلَ بِهَا ذَلِكَ. رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُد وَابْن مَاجَه

Ibn ‘Abbas reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If anyone has sexual intercourse with an animal, kill him and kill it along with him.” Ibn ‘Abbas was asked what offence could be attributed to the animal and replied, “I did not hear anything about that from God’s Messenger, but I think he disapproved of its flesh being eaten or of any use being made of it when such a thing had been done to it.” Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّ أَخْوَفَ مَا أَخَافُ عَلَى أُمَّتِي عَمَلُ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْن مَاجَه

Jabir reported God’s Messenger as saying, “The thing I fear most for my people is what Lot’s people did.” Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي بَكْرِ بْنِ لَيْثٍ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَقَرَّ أَنَّهُ زَنَى بِامْرَأَةٍ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ فَجَلَدَهُ مِائَةً وَكَانَ بِكْرًا ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ الْبَيِّنَةَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ فَقَالَتْ: كَذَبَ وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَجُلِدَ حَدَّ الْفِرْيَةِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

Ibn ‘Abbas told that a man of B. Bakr b. Laith came to the Prophet and made a statement four times that he had committed fornication with a woman, so he had a hundred lashes administered to him. The man had not been married. He then asked him to produce proof again the woman, and she said, “I swear by God, Messenger of God, that he has lied.” Then he was given the prescribed number of lashes for falsehood. Abu Dawud transmitted it.

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: لَمَّا نَزَلَ عُذْرِي قَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ مِنَ الْمِنْبَرِ أَمَرَ بِالرَّجُلَيْنِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ فَضُرِبُوا حَدَّهُمْ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ

When my vindication came down (Al-Qur’an, 24:11 ff) the Prophet mounted the pulpit and mentioned that. Then when he came down from the pulpit he ordered that the two men and the woman* should be given the prescribed beating. Abu Dawud transmitted it. *The men are said to have been Mistah b. Uthatha and Hassan b. Thabit, and the woman Hamna daughter of Jahsh. Ibn 'Abd al-Barr, Istiab. p. 285, says Mistah was beaten, but he does not commit himself on p. 127 about Hassan, or on p. 714 about Hamna.

عَنْ نَافِعٍ: أَنَّ صَفِيَّةَ بِنْتَ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ عَبْدًا مِنْ رَقِيقِ الْإِمَارَةِ وَقَعَ على وليدةٍ من الخُمسِ فاستَكرهَها حَتَّى افتضَّها فَجَلَدَهُ عُمَرُ وَلَمْ يَجْلِدْهَا مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُ استكرهها. رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ

Nafi' said he was informed by Safiya daughter of Abu ‘Ubaid that one of the Caliph’s slaves had intercourse with a girl who was among the fifth of the booty, forcing her to it against her will, and deflowered her. ‘Umar had him beaten but did not have her beaten because he had forced her against her will. Bukhari transmitted it.

وَعَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ نُعَيْمِ بْنِ هَزَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: كَانَ مَاعِزُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ يَتِيمًا فِي حِجْرِ أَبِي فَأَصَابَ جَارِيَةً مِنَ الْحَيِّ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي: ائْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا صَنَعْتَ لَعَلَّهُ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكَ وَإِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ بِذَلِكَ رَجَاءَ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا فَآتَاهُ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِني زنيتُ فأقِمْ عليَّ كتابَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى قَالَهَا أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: إِنَّكَ قَدْ قُلْتَهَا أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ فَبِمَنْ؟ " قَالَ: بِفُلَانَةَ. قَالَ: «هَلْ ضَاجَعْتَهَا؟» قَالَ: نَعَمْ قَالَ: «هَلْ بَاشَرْتَهَا؟» قَالَ: نَعَمْ قَالَ: «هَلْ جَامَعْتَهَا؟» قَالَ: نَعَمْ قَالَ: فَأَمَرَ بِهِ أَنْ يُرْجَمَ فَأُخْرِجُ بِهِ إِلَى الْحَرَّةِ فَلَمَّا رُجِمَ فَوَجَدَ مَسَّ الْحِجَارَةِ فَجَزِعَ فَخَرَجَ يَشْتَدُّ فَلَقِيَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُنَيْسٍ وَقَدْ عَجَزَ أَصْحَابُهُ فَنَزَعَ لَهُ بِوَظِيفِ بَعِيرٍ فَرَمَاهُ بِهِ فَقَتَلَهُ ثُمَّ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ: «هَلَّا تَرَكْتُمُوهُ لَعَلَّهُ أَنْ يَتُوبَ. فَيَتُوبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

Yazid b. Nu'aim b. Hazzal told on his father’s authority that Ma'iz b. Malik who was an orphan under his father's protection had intercourse with a slave girl belonging to the clan, so his father told him to go and inform God's Messenger what he had done, for he might perhaps ask forgiveness for him. His purpose in that was simply a hope that it might be a way of escape for him. He went to him and said, “Messenger of God, I have committed fornication, so inflict on me the punishment ordained by God.” He turned away from him, so he came back and said, “Messenger of God, I have committed fornication, so inflict on me the punishment ordained by God.” When he had said it four times God’s Messenger said, “You have said it four times. With whom did you commit it?” When he replied that it was with so and so he asked whether he had lain with her and he replied that he had. He asked whether his skin had been in contact with hers and he replied that it had. He then asked whether he had had intercourse with her and he replied that he had. He ordered him to be stoned to death and he was taken out to the harra, but when he felt the effect of the stones and could not bear it he went away quickly. But ‘Abdallah b. Unais encountered him when those who had been stoning him could not catch up on him, threw the bone of a camel’s foreleg at him, hit him and killed him. Then when he went to the Prophet and mentioned that to him he said, “Why did you not leave him alone,* for perhaps he might have repented and been forgiven by God.” Abu Dawud transmitted it. *The verb is in the plural.

وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «مَا مِنْ قَوْمٍ يَظْهَرُ فِيهِمُ الزِّنَا إِلَّا أُخِذُوا بِالسَّنَةِ وَمَا مِنْ قَوْمٍ يَظْهَرُ فِيهِمُ الرِّشَا إِلَّا أخذُوا بِالرُّعْبِ» . رَوَاهُ أَحْمد

‘Amr b. al-'As told that he heard God's Messenger say, “Fornication will not appear among any people without their being punished by famine, and bribery will not appear among any people without their being punished by terror.” Ahmad transmitted it.

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ عَمِلَ عَمَلَ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ» . رَوَاهُ رَزِينٌ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ عليَّاً رَضِي الله عَنهُ أحرَقَهما وَأَبا بكرٍ هدم عَلَيْهِمَا حَائِطا

Ibn ‘Abbas and Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “Accursed is he who does what Lot's people did." In a version by him on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas it says that ‘Ali had the two people concerned burned and that Abu Bakr had a wall thrown down on them. Razin transmitted it.

وَعَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا يَنْظُرُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَى رَجُلٍ أَتَى رَجُلًا أَوِ امْرَأَةً فِي دُبُرِهَا» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ

reported God’s Messenger as saying, “God who is great and glorious will not look at a man who has intercourse with a man or a woman through the anus." Tirmidhi transmitted it, saying; this is a hasan gharib tradition.

وَعَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَتَى بَهِيمَةً فَلَا حَدَّ عَلَيْهِ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَقَالَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ: عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ الْأَوَّلِ وَهُوَ: «مَنْ أَتَى بَهِيمَةً فَاقْتُلُوهُ» وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعلم

He reported him as saying, “There is no prescribed punishment for one who has intercourse with an animal." Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud transmitted it. Tirmidhi quoted Sufyan ath-Thauri as saying that this is sounder than the first tradition, “Kill him who has intercourse with an animal," (Cf. p. 763) and that the learned act according to this one.

وَعَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَقِيمُوا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فِي الْقَرِيبِ وَالْبَعِيدِ وَلَا تَأْخُذْكُمْ فِي اللَّهِ لوْمةُ لائمٍ» . رَوَاهُ ابنُ مَاجَه

‘Ubada b. as-Samit reported God’s Messenger as saying, “Enforce God’s prescribed punishments on those who are near and those who are distant, and let no one’s blame come upon you regarding ." Ibn Majah transmitted it.

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِقَامَةُ حَدٍّ مِنْ حُدُودِ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مَطَرِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً فِي بلادِ الله» . رَوَاهُ ابْن مَاجَه وَرَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ

Ibn ‘Umar reported God’s Messenger as saying, “Enforcing one of God’s prescribed punishments is better than forty nights' rain in God’s land." Ibn Majah transmitted it, and Nasa’i transmitted it on the authority of Abu Huraira.

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا تُقطعُ يدُ السَّارِقِ إِلاَّ بربُعِ دِينَار فَصَاعِدا»

‘A’isha reported the Prophet as saying, “A thief’s hand should be cut off only for a quarter of a dinar and upwards.” (Bukhari and Muslim).

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَطَعَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدَ سَارِقٍ فِي مِجَنٍّ ثَمَنُهُ ثَلَاثَةُ دَرَاهِمَ

Ibn ‘Umar said the Prophet had a thief’s hand cut off for a shield worth three dirhams. (Bukhari and Muslim.)

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَعَنَ اللَّهُ السارِقَ يسرقُ البيضةَ فتُقطعُ يَده وَيسْرق الْحَبل فتقطع يَده»

Abu Huraira reported the Prophet as saying, “God curse a thief who steals an egg and has his hand cut off, and steals a rope and has his hand cut off!”* (Bukhari and Muslim.) *It has been suggested that baida (egg or steel helmet) should have the latter meaning and that a ship’s rope should be understood, but the translation above is usually accepted as the meaning.

عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا قَطْعَ فِي ثَمَرٍ وَلَا كَثَرٍ» رَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ

Rafi‘ b. Khadij reported the Prophet as saying, “The hand is not to be cut off for taking fruit or the pith of the palm-tree.” Malik, Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Nasa'i, Darimi and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو بْنِ الْعَاصِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الثَّمَرِ الْمُعَلَّقِ قَالَ: «مَنْ سَرَقَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا بَعْدَ أَنْ يُؤْوِيَهُ الْجَرِينَ فَبَلَغَ ثَمَنَ الْمِجَنِّ فَعَلَيْهِ الْقَطْعُ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد وَالنَّسَائِيّ

‘Amr b. Shu'aib, on his father’s authority, said his grandfather, ‘Abdallah b. ‘Amr b. al-‘As, told that God’s Messenger was asked about fruit which was hung up and said, “If anyone steals any of it after it is put in the place where it is dried and it amounts to the price of a shield, he must have his hand cut off.” Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it.

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي حُسَيْنٍ الْمَكِّيِّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا قَطْعَ فِي ثَمَرٍ معلَّقٍ وَلَا فِي حَرِيسَةِ جَبَلٍ فَإِذَا آوَاهُ الْمُرَاحُ وَالْجَرِينُ فَالْقَطْعُ قيمًا بلغ ثمن الْمِجَن» . رَوَاهُ مَالك

‘Abdallah b. ‘Abd ar-Rahman b. Abu Husain al-Makki reported God’s Messenger as saying, “A hand is not to be cut off for fruit which is hung up, or for a sheep stolen by night from the mountain;* but when the sheep is in its fold or the fruit in the place where it is dried a hand is to be cut off for whatever reaches the price of a shield.” Malik transmitted it. * Harisa jabal. It is used either of a sheep or goat stolen before it gets back from the mountain to the fold, or of one guarded in the mountain. The most satisfactory reason for the prescription would seem to be that animals kept in the mountain are not sufficiently protected.

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَيْسَ عَلَى الْمُنْتَهِبِ قَطْعٌ وَمَنِ انْتَهَبَ نُهْبَةً مَشْهُورَةً فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

Jabir reported God’s Messenger as saying, "Cutting off the hand is not to be inflicted on one who plunders, but he who does so conspicuously does not belong to us.” Abu Dawud transmitted it.