10. The Rites of Pilgrimage

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: أَنَا مِمَّنْ قَدَّمَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْلَة الْمزْدَلِفَة فِي ضعفة أَهله

Ibn ‘Abbas said, “I was among the weak members of his family (i.e. the women and children) whom the Prophet sent ahead on the night of al-Muzdalifa. Bukhari and Muslim.

وَعَن الفضلِ بن عبَّاسٍ وَكَانَ رَدِيفَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي عَشِيَّةِ عَرَفَةَ وَغَدَاةِ جَمْعٍ لِلنَّاسِ حِينَ دَفَعُوا: «عَلَيْكُمْ بِالسَّكِينَةِ» وَهُوَ كَافٌّ نَاقَتَهُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ مُحَسِّرًا وَهُوَ مِنْ مِنًى قَالَ: «عَلَيْكُمْ بِحَصَى الْخَذْفِ الَّذِي يُرْمَى بِهِ الْجَمْرَةَ» . وَقَالَ: لَمْ يَزَلْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُلَبِّي حَتَّى رَمَى الْجَمْرَةَ. رَوَاهُ مُسلم

Al-Fadl b. ‘Abbas who rode behind God’s messenger told that on the evening of ‘Arafa and the morning of Jam' (Here the name is clearly used for al-Muzdalifa) when the people returned, he said to them, “Preserve a quiet demeanour.” He held back his shecamel till he entered Muhassir which is a part of Mina, and said, “Get small pebbles for the lapidation of the jamra” He said that God’s messenger kept on raising his voice in the talbiya till he threw pebbles at the jamra. Muslim transmitted it.

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: أَفَاضَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ جَمْعٍ وَعَلَيْهِ السَّكِينَةُ وَأَمَرَهُمْ بِالسَّكِينَةِ وَأَوْضَعَ فِي وَادِي مُحَسِّرٍ وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَرْمُوا بِمِثْلِ حَصَى الْخَذْفِ وَقَالَ: «لَعَلِّي لَا أَرَاكُمْ بَعْدَ عَامِي هَذَا» . لَمْ أَجِدْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ إِلَّا فِي جَامِعِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ مَعَ تقديمٍ وَتَأْخِير

Jabir said that the Prophet hastened from Jam' with a quiet demeanour and ordered the people to preserve a similar demeanour. He hastened in the wadi of Muhassir and ordered them to throw small pebbles, and he said, “Perhaps I shall not see you after this year.” I did not find this tradition in the two Sahihs, but in Tirmidhi's Jami’, with some transposition.

وَعَن محمّدِ بنِ قيسِ بن مَخْرمةَ قَالَ: خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كَانُوا يَدْفَعُونَ مِنْ عَرَفَةَ حِينَ تَكُونُ الشَّمْسُ كَأَنَّهَا عَمَائِمُ الرِّجَالِ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَغْرُبَ وَمِنَ الْمُزْدَلِفَةِ بَعْدَ أَنْ تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ حِينَ تَكُونُ كَأَنَّهَا عَمَائِمُ الرِّجَالِ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ. وَإِنَّا لَا نَدْفَعُ مِنْ عَرَفَةَ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ وَنَدْفَعُ مِنَ الْمُزْدَلِفَةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ هَدْيُنَا مُخَالِفٌ لِهَدْيِ عَبَدَةِ الْأَوْثَانِ وَالشِّرْكِ» . رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي شعب الْإِيمَان وَقَالَ فِيهِ: خَطَبنَا وَسَاقه بِنَحْوِهِ

Muhammad b. Qais b. Makhrama said that God’s messenger addressed the people as follows, “The people of pre-Islamic times used to return from 'Arafa when the sun before setting was shining in their faces like men’s turbans, and from al-Muzdalifa after the sun rose when it was shining in their faces like men’s turbans; (When the sun is low it shines only on men’s foreheads, and this is here likened to a turban) but we do not return from ‘Arafa till the sun sets, and we return from al-Muzdalifa before the sun rises. Our guidance differs from that of the worshippers of idols and those who attribute partners to God.” Baihaqi transmitted it in Shu'ab al-iman, saying “He addressed us . . .” and then going on, with the tradition to similar effect.

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَدَّمَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْلَةً الْمُزْدَلِفَةِ أُغَيْلِمَةَ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ عَلَى حُمُرَاتٍ فَجَعَلَ يَلْطَحُ أَفْخَاذَنَا وَيَقُولُ: «أُبَيْنِيَّ لَا تَرْمُوا الْجَمْرَةَ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَه

God’s messenger sent us small boys of the B. ‘Abd al-Muttalib ahead on asses on the night of al-Muzdalifa, and he began to pat our thighs and say, “My little children, do not throw pebbles at the jamra till the sun rises.” Abu Dawud, Nasa’i and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

وَعَن عَائِشَة قَالَتْ: أَرْسَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ليلةَ النَّحْر فرمت الجمرةَ قبلَ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ مَضَتْ فَأَفَاضَتْ وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي يَكُونَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِنْدهَا. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ

God's messenger sent Umm Salama on the night before the day of sacrifice and she threw pebbles at the jamra before dawn. She then hastened [to Mecca) and performed the circuit. That day was the one God’s messenger spent with her. Abu Dawud transmitted it.

وَعَن ابنِ عبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: يُلَبِّي المقيمُ أَوِ المعتَمِرُ حَتَّى يستلمَ الْحَجَرَ) . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَقَالَ: وَرُوِيَ مَوْقُوفًا على ابنِ عبَّاس.

Those who stay in Mecca and those who perform the ’umra raise their voices in the talbiya till they touch the stone. Abu Dawud transmitted it, saying it has been transmitted going no farther back than Ibn ‘Abbas.

عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ أَنَّهُ سمع الشَّريدَ يَقُولُ: أَفَضْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَمَا مَسَّتْ قَدَمَاهُ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى أَتَى جمْعاً. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

I hastened with God’s messenger and his feet did not touch the ground till he came to Jam'. Abu Dawud transmitted it.

وَعَن ابنِ شهابٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي سَالِمٌ أَنَّ الْحَجَّاجَ بْنَ يُوسُفَ عَامَ نَزَلَ بِابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ سَأَلَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ: كَيْفَ نَصْنَعُ فِي الْمَوْقِفِ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ؟ فَقَالَ سَالِمٌ إِنْ كُنْتَ تُرِيدُ السُّنَّةَ فَهَجِّرْ بِالصَّلَاةِ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ: صَدَقَ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَجْمَعُونَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ فِي السُّنَّةِ فَقُلْتُ لِسَالِمٍ: أَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ فَقَالَ سَالِمٌ: وَهل يتَّبعونَ فِي ذلكَ إِلا سنَّتَه؟ رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ

Ibn Shihab said Salim told him that in the year al-Hajjaj b. Yusuf attacked Ibn az-Zubair (Abdallah b. az-Zubair who was in Mecca had laid claims to the Caliphate. ‘Abd al-Malik, the Umayvad Caliph, sent an army under al-Hajjaj b. Yusuf towards the end of 72, A.H. to deal with Ibn az-Zubair, and although there had been fighting in the plain of ‘Arafat, hostilities ceased in order that the Pilgrimage might be observed, and were later resumed.) he asked ‘Abdallah (This is ‘Abdallah b. ‘Umar who is said to have been the one who was the means of having the hostilities stopped during the season of pilgrimage) how they were to act at the standing at ‘Arafa. Salim said, “If you wish to keep to the sunna, observe the prayer in the noonday heat on the day of ‘Arafa.” ‘Abdallah b. ‘Umar then said, “He has spoken the truth ; they were accustomed to combine the noon and the afternoon prayer in accordance with the sunna.” Ibn Shihab asked Salim whether God's messenger did that, and Salim replied, “In doing that do they follow anything but his sunna?” Bukhari transmitted it.

عَن جَابر قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَرْمِي عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ وَيَقُولُ: «لِتَأْخُذُوا مَنَاسِكَكُمْ فَإِنِّي لَا أَدْرِي لَعَلِّي لَا أَحُجُّ بعد حجتي هَذِه» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم

Jabir said he saw the Prophet throwing pebbles on the day of sacrifice while on his riding-beast and saying, “Learn your rites, for I do not know whether I am likely to perform the pilgrimage after this occasion.” Muslim transmitted it.

وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَمَى الْجَمْرَةَ بِمِثْلِ حَصَى الْخَذْفِ. رَوَاهُ مُسلم

He said that he saw God’s messenger throwing small pebbles at the jamra. Muslim transmitted it.

وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: رَمَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْجَمْرَةَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ ضُحًى وَأَمَّا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَإِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ

He said that God's messenger threw pebbles at the jamra on the day of sacrifice in the forenoon, and next when the sun had passed the meridian. Bukhari and Muslim.

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ: أَنَّهُ انْتَهَى إِلَى الْجَمْرَةِ الْكُبْرَى فَجَعَلَ الْبَيْتَ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ وَمِنًى عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَرَمَى بِسَبْعِ حَصَيَاتٍ يُكَبِّرُ مَعَ كُلِّ حَصَاةٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ: هَكَذَا رَمَى الَّذِي أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ سُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ

‘Abdallah b. Mas'ud came to the largest jamra and with the House on his left and Mina on his right he threw seven pebbles saying “God is most great” each time. Then he said, “Thus did he to whom sura al-Baqara was sent down throw.” Bukhari and Muslim.

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الِاسْتِجْمَارُ تَوٌّ وَرَمْيُ الْجِمَارِ توٌّ وَالسَّعْيُ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ تَوٌّ وَالطَّوَافُ تَوٌّ وَإِذَا اسْتَجْمَرَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَسْتَجْمِرْ بِتَوٍّ» . رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ

Jabir reported God’s messenger as saying, “Cleaning oneself with stones (Isijmar is the word used, and Taj al-Arus suggests that here its meaning is throwing pebbles ; but as ramy al-jimar occurs in the next phrase, it seems better to translate it as above to avoid saying the same things twice. Cf. p. 74, lines 9 f.) is with an odd number, throwing pebbles at the jamras is with an odd number, running between as-Safa and al-Marwa is with an odd number, and the circumambulation is with an odd number. When one of you cleans himself with stones he should do so with an odd number.” Muslim transmitted it.

عَنْ قُدَامَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَرْمِي الْجَمْرَةَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ صَهْبَاءَ لَيْسَ ضَرْبٌ وَلَا طَرْدٌ وَلَيْسَ قِيلُ: إِلَيْكَ إِليك. رَوَاهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ

Qudama b. ‘Abdallah b. ‘Ammar said he saw the Prophet throwing pebbles at the jamra on the day of sacrifice while on a reddish she-camel, and there was no striking, or driving, or telling people to get out of the way. Shafi'i, Tirmidhi, Nasa'i, Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ رَمْيُ الْجِمَارِ وَالسَّعْيُ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ لِإِقَامَةِ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ وَقَالَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ

'A’isha reported the Prophet as saying, "Throwing pebbles at the jamras and running between as-Safa and al-Marwa were appointed only for the remembrance of God.” Tirmidhi and Darimi transmitted it, Tirmidhi saying this is a hasan sahih tradition.

وَعَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قُلْنَا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ألَا نَبْنِي لَكَ بِنَاءً يُظِلُّكَ بِمِنًى؟ قَالَ: «لَا مِنًى مُنَاخُ مَنْ سَبَقَ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَه والدارمي

She said they asked God’s messenger whether they should not put up a building for him to shade him in Mina, but he replied, "No; Mina is a resting-place for the camels of those who get there first.” Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.

عَنْ نَافِعٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ كَانَ يَقِفُ عِنْدَ الْجَمْرَتَيْنِ الْأُولَيَيْنِ وُقُوفًا طَوِيلًا يُكَبِّرُ اللَّهَ وَيُسَبِّحُهُ وَيَحْمَدُهُ وَيَدْعُو اللَّهَ وَلَا يَقِفُ عنْدَ جمرَةِ العقبةِ. رَوَاهُ مَالك

Nafi' said that Ibn ‘Umar used to stand for a long time at the first two jamras, saying "God is most great; glory be to God ; praise be to God ;” and making supplication to Him, but did not stand at the jamra of the ‘Aqaba. Malik transmitted it.

عَن ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِنَاقَتِهِ فَأَشْعَرَهَا فِي صَفْحَةِ سَنَامِهَا الْأَيْمَنِ وَسَلَّتَ الدَّمَ عَنْهَا وَقَلَّدَهَا نَعْلَيْنِ ثُمَّ رَكِبَ رَاحِلَتَهُ فَلَمَّا اسْتَوَتْ بِهِ على الْبَيْدَاء أهل بِالْحَجِّ. رَوَاهُ مُسلم

Ibn ‘Abbas said that after God’s messenger had prayed the noon prayer at Dhul Hulaifa he called for his she-camel, marked it on the right side of its hump, removed the blood from it, and tied two sandals on its neck. He then mounted his riding-beast, and when it brought him up to al-Baida’ he raised his voice in the talbiya for the pilgrimage. Muslim transmitted it.

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: أَهْدَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مرّة إِلَى الْبَيْت غنما فقلدها

‘A’isha said that the Prophet once brought sheep (The word is ghanam which can mean either sheep or goats) for sacrifice to the House and garlanded them. Bukhari and Muslim.