16. Retaliation

وَعَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «لَوِ اطَّلَعَ فِي بَيْتِكَ أحدٌ ولمْ تَأذن لَهُ فخذفته بحصاة ففتأت عَيْنَهُ مَا كَانَ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ جُنَاحٍ»

He told that he heard God’s Messenger say, “If anyone were to look into your house without receiving your permission and you were to throw a pebble at him and put out his eye, you would be guilty of no offence.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

وَعَن سهل بنِ سعد: أَنَّ رَجُلًا اطَّلَعَ فِي جُحْرٍ فِي بَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِدْرًى يَحُكُّ بِهِ رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ: «لَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ تنظُرُني لطَعَنْتُ بهِ فِي عَيْنَيْكَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الِاسْتِئْذَانُ مِنْ أَجْلِ الْبَصَرِ»

Sahl b. Sa'd said that a man looked through a hole in God’s Messenger’s door when God’s Messenger had a spike with which he was scratching his head, so he said, “If I knew that you were seeing me I would poke it in your eyes, for asking permission has been appointed only on account of what people may see.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُغَفَّلٍ أَنَّهُ رَأَى رَجُلًا يَخْذِفُ فَقَالَ: لَا تَخْذِفْ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنِ الْخَذْفِ وَقَالَ: «إِنَّهُ لَا يُصَادُ بِهِ صَيْدٌ وَلَا يُنْكَأُ بِهِ عَدُوٌّ وَلَكِنَّهَا قَدْ تَكْسِرُ السِّنَّ وَتَفْقَأُ الْعَيْنَ»

'Abdallah b. Mughaffal told that he saw a man throwing pebbles and told him not to do so, for God’s Messenger had forbidden it, saying, “Game is not caught by such means, neither is an enemy injured, but you may sometimes break a tooth or put out an eye.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)

وَعَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا مَرَّ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي مَسْجِدِنَا وَفِي سُوقِنَا وَمَعَهُ نَبْلٌ فَلْيُمْسِكْ عَلَى نِصَالِهَا أَنْ يُصِيبَ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْهَا بِشَيْءٍ»

Abu Musa reported God’s Messenger as saying, “When one of you passes along in our mosque or in our market having arrows with him he should grasp their points lest he cause any injury by them to a Muslim.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يُشِيرُ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى أَخِيهِ بِالسِّلَاحِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَدْرِي لَعَلَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَنْزِعُ فِي يَدِهِ فَيَقَعُ فِي حُفْرَة من النَّار»

Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “None of you must point a weapon at his brother, for he does not know whether perhaps the devil may draw it out while it is in his hand as a result of which he will fall into a pit in hell.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)

وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ أَشَارَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ بِحَدِيدَةٍ فَإِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ تَلْعَنُهُ حَتَّى يَضَعَهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ أخاهُ لأبيهِ وَأمه» . رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ

He reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If anyone points a piece of iron at his brother the angels will curse him till he puts it down, even if he is his brother who has the same father and mother.” Bukhari transmitted it.

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ حَمَلَ عَلَيْنَا السِّلَاحَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا» . رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ وزادَ مُسلم: «ومنْ غشَّنا فليسَ منَّا»

Ibn ‘Umar and Abu Huraira reported the Prophet as saying, “He who points a weapon at us does not belong to us.” Bukhari transmitted it, and Muslim added, “And he who treats us dishonestly does not belong to us.”

وَعَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ سَلَّ علينا السَّيفَ فليسَ منَّا» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم

Salama b. al-Akwa' reported God’s Messenger as saying, “He who draws a sword against us does not belong to us.” Muslim transmitted it.

وَعَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ هشامَ بنَ حكيمٍ مَرَّ بِالشَّامِ عَلَى أُنَاسٍ مِنَ الْأَنْبَاطِ وَقَدْ أُقِيموا فِي الشَّمسِ وصُبَّ على رُؤوسِهِمُ الزَّيْتُ فَقَالَ: مَا هَذَا؟ قِيلَ: يُعَذَّبُونَ فِي الخَراجِ فَقَالَ هِشَامٌ: أَشْهَدُ لَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُعَذِّبُ الَّذِينَ يُعذبونَ النَّاسَ فِي الدُّنْيَا» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم

Hisham b. ‘Urwa, on his father’s authority, told that Hisham b. Hakim came upon some Nabataeans in Syria who had been made to stand in the sun with olive-oil poured over their heads. On his asking what the meaning of that was and being told that they were suffering punishment concerning the land-tax, Hisham said he could testify to having heard God’s Messenger say, “God will punish those who punish people in this world.” Muslim transmitted it.

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يُوشِكُ إِنْ طَالَتْ بك مُدَّة أَن ترى أَقْوَامًا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ مِثْلُ أَذْنَابِ الْبَقَرِ يَغْدُونَ فِي غَضَبِ اللَّهِ وَيَرُوحُونَ فِي سَخَطِ اللَّهِ» . وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «وَيَرُوحُونَ فِي لَعْنَةِ اللَّهِ» . رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ

Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If you live long you will soon see people with things like ox-tails in their hands going out in the morning subject to God’s anger and coming back in the evening subject to God’s displeasure.” A version has, “coming back in the evening subject to God’s curse.” Muslim transmitted it.

وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " صِنْفَانِ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ لَمْ أَرَهُمَا: قَوْمٌ مَعَهُمْ سِيَاطٌ كَأَذْنَابِ الْبَقَرِ يَضْرِبُونَ بِهَا النَّاسَ وَنِسَاءٌ كَاسِيَاتٌ عَارِيَاتٌ مُمِيلَاتٌ مَائِلَاتٌ رؤوسهم كَأَسْنِمَةِ الْبُخْتِ الْمَائِلَةِ لَا يَدْخُلْنَ الْجَنَّةَ وَلَا يَجِدْنَ رِيحَهَا وَإِنَّ رِيحَهَا لَتُوجَدُ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ كَذَا وَكَذَا ". رَوَاهُ مُسلم

people with whips like ox-tails with which they strike people; and women with such clothing as to be virtually naked, who incite men and are inclined towards men, whose heads are like the swaying humps of Bactrian camels. Such women will not enter paradise or experience its fragrance, though its fragrance can be experienced at such and such a distance.” Muslim transmitted it.

وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا قَاتَلَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَجْتَنِبِ الْوَجْهَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ آدَمَ عَلَى صُورَتِهِ»

He reported God’s Messenger as saying, “When any of you fights he must avoid the face, for God created Adam in His own image.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)

عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ كَشَفَ سِتْرًا فَأَدْخَلَ بَصَرَهُ فِي الْبَيْتِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لَهُ فَرَأَى عَوْرَةَ أَهْلِهِ فَقَدْ أَتَى حَدًّا لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ وَلَوْ أَنَّهُ حِينَ أَدْخَلَ بَصَرَهُ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ رَجُلٌ فَفَقَأَ عَيْنَهُ مَا عَيَّرْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنْ مَرَّ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَابٍ لَا سِتْرَ لَهُ غَيْرِ مُغْلَقٍ فَنَظَرَ فَلَا خَطِيئَةَ عَلَيْهِ إِنَّمَا الْخَطِيئَةُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيب

Abu Dharr reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If anyone removes a curtain and looks into a house before receiving permission and sees anything in those within which should not be seen, he has committed an offence which it is not lawful for him to commit. If a man confronted him when he looked in and put out his eye, I would not blame him; but if a man passes a door which has no curtain and is not shut and looks in, he has committed no sin, for the sin pertains only to the people inside.” Tirmidhi transmitted it, saying this is a gharib tradition.

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُتَعَاطَى السَّيْفُ مَسْلُولًا. رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ وَأَبُو دَاوُد

Jabir said God’s Messenger forbade that a sword which has been drawn should be handed to anyone. Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud transmitted it.

وَعَن الحسنِ عَنْ سَمُرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى أَنْ يُقَدَّ السَّيْرُ بَيْنَ أُصبعَينِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

Al-Hasan said on Samura’s authority that God’s Messenger forbade that a thong of a sandal should be cut off between two toes. Abu Dawud transmitted it.

وَعَن سعيدِ بنِ زيدٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ دِينِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ دَمِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ مَالِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ أَهْلِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ

Sa'id b. Zaid reported God’s Messenger as saying, “He who is killed in defence of his religion is a martyr, he who is killed in self-defence is a martyr, he who is killed in defence of his property is a martyr, and he who is killed in defence of his family is a martyr.” Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it.

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " لِجَهَنَّمَ سَبْعَةُ أَبْوَابٍ: بَابٌ مِنْهَا لِمَنْ سَلَّ السَّيْفَ عَلَى أُمَّتِي أَوْ قَالَ: عَلَى أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ". رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ

Ibn ‘Umar reported the Prophet as saying, ‘‘Jahannam has seven gates, one of which is for those who draw a sword against my people,” or he said, "against Muhammad’s people.” Tirmidhi transmitted it, saying this is a gharib tradition.

عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ أَبِي حَثْمة أَنَّهُمَا حَدَّثَا أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ سَهْلٍ وَمُحَيِّصَةَ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ أَتَيَا خَيْبَرَ فَتَفَرَّقَا فِي النَّخْلِ فَقُتِلَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ فَجَاءَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ وَحُوَيِّصَةُ وَمُحَيِّصَةُ ابْنَا مَسْعُودٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَتَكَلَّمُوا فِي أَمْرِ صَاحِبِهِمْ فَبَدَأَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَكَانَ أَصْغَر الْقَوْم فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " كبر الْكبر قَالَ يحيى بن سعد: يَعْنِي لِيَلِيَ الْكَلَامَ الْأَكْبَرُ فَتَكَلَّمُوا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «اسْتَحِقُّوا قَتِيلَكُمْ أَوْ قَالَ صَاحِبَكُمْ بِأَيْمَانِ خَمْسِينَ مِنْكُمْ» . قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمْرٌ لَمْ نَرَهُ قَالَ: فَتُبَرِّئُكُمْ يَهُودُ فِي أَيْمَانِ خَمْسِينَ مِنْهُمْ؟ قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَوْمٌ كُفَّارٌ فَفَدَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ قِبَلِهِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «تَحْلِفُونَ خَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا وَتَسْتَحِقُّونَ قَاتِلَكُمْ أَوْ صَاحِبَكُمْ» فَوَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ عِنْده بِمِائَة نَاقَة

Rafi' b. Khadij and Sahl b. Abu Hathma told that ‘Abdallah b. Sahl and Muhayyisa b. Mas'ud came to Khaibar and when they had separated among the palm-trees ‘Abdallah b. Sahl was killed. ‘Abd ar-Rah¬man b. Sahl and Huwayyisa, and Muhayyisa, the sons of Mas'ud, came to the Prophet and spoke about what had happened to their friend. ‘Abd ar-Rahman who was the youngest spoke first, but the Prophet said to him kabbir al-kubr, which was said by Yahya b. Sa'id to mean “Let the oldest take charge of speaking." They then spoke and the Prophet said, “Make your demand regarding your dead man (or he said, your friend) by the oaths of fifty of you." They replied, “Messenger of God, it is a matter which we did not see." He said, “The Jews will exonerate themselves by the oaths of fifty of them," but they replied, “Messenger of God, they are a people who are infidels." So God’s Messenger paid them the blood wit himself. A version has, “You must swear fifty oaths and make your claim regarding your slain man (or, your friend)." Then God’s Messenger himself paid his blood wit consisting of a hundred she- camels. (Bukhari and Muslim.)

عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ قَالَ: أَصْبَحَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مَقْتُولًا بِخَيْبَرَ فَانْطَلَقَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ: «أَلَكُمْ شَاهِدَانِ يَشْهَدَانِ عَلَى قَاتِلِ صَاحِبِكُمْ؟» قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ ثَمَّ أحدٌ من المسلمينَ وإِنما هُوَ يهود وَقد يجترئون عَلَى أَعْظَمَ مِنْ هَذَا قَالَ: «فَاخْتَارُوا مِنْهُمْ خَمْسِينَ فَاسْتَحْلِفُوهُمْ» . فَأَبَوْا فَوَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

Rafi‘ b. Khadij said that one of the Ansar was killed at Khaibar and his relatives went to the Prophet and mentioned that to him. He asked, “Have you two witnesses who can testify to the murderer of your friend?" They replied, “Messenger of God, there was not a single Muslim present, but only Jews who sometimes have the audacity to do even greater crimes than this “He said, “Then choose fifty of them and demand that they take an oath;" but they refused and God’s Messenger paid his blood wit himself. Abu Dawud transmitted it.

عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ قَالَ: أُتِيَ عَلِيٌّ بِزَنَادِقَةٍ فَأَحْرَقَهُمْ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ: لَوْ كُنْتُ أَنَا لَمْ أُحْرِقْهُمْ لِنَهْيِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا تُعَذِّبُوا بِعَذَابِ اللَّهِ» وَلَقَتَلْتُهُمْ لِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ بَدَّلَ دِينَهُ فَاقْتُلُوهُ» . رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ

‘Ikrima told that when some heretics were brought to ‘Ali he had them burned, and that when Ibn ‘Abbas heard of it he said that if it had been he, he would not have had them burned because of God’s Messenger's prohibition, “Do not inflict God’s punishment on anyone”, but would have had them killed on account of the statement made by God’s Messenger, “Kill those who change their religion.” Bukhari transmitted it.